Background: Aboriginal populations experience high levels of chronic stress as they are often marginalized both socially and economically in Canada. Over time, high unrelenting stress can have a profound influence on biological systems. Markers of biological disruption can be identified well before clinical markers of disease are detected. We often examine social and biological determinants of health separately. Connecting the two is a more comprehensive way to think about the drivers of health status and health inequities in populations. The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which repeated and chronic exposure to social and economic adversity may 'get under the skin' to disrupt neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and immune system function among Aboriginal young adults (18-35 years). This study will also examine the extent to which Aboriginal cultural practices may promote biologic resilience and improve health.
Methods: An Aboriginal Advisory Committee made up of key members of the Aboriginal community in southern Alberta is currently being assembled to provide input on the project before it begins, and as it unfolds. Quantitative, qualitative, and biomarker data (via salivary samples) will be collected from 150 young adults who self-identify as First Nations, Métis, or Inuit in southern Alberta. The outcome measure, allostatic load score, will be measured via 8 biomarkers regularly used in allostatic load studies. A range of socioeconomic factors will be examined including adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), poverty, unemployment, single parenthood, living in overcrowded housing, and racial discrimination. Cultural participation will be examined using the Vancouver Index.
Project Significance: The overall goal of this study is to develop a better understanding of the ways in which social experiences contribute to or protect against disease at a biological level within Aboriginal populations. Study findings may lead to the development of improved preventative strategies designed to promote health equity for Aboriginal peoples in Canada.